Protes, hernias, osteochondrosis - When diagnosed, patients immediately rush to the surgeon without conservative treatment methods, but this is wrong.
According to statistics, 84% of people at least once in their lives hurt.The spine and the surrounding muscles are part of the musculoskeletal system.Consequently, their damage is often accompanied by pain, which may occur after inclinations or curves of the head and body and weaken at rest.Anatomically, the column is represented by alternate vertebrae and intervertebral discs.The last over time is subject to the process of degeneration, which leads to the formation of protrusions and hernias.These structures can cause pain and can cause pain, compressing neighboring structures - nerve roots and ligaments of the spine.In some cases, they can cause spinal canal stenosis (narrowing) (space in which the spinal cord is located).
Among other things, vertebrae are connected by pairs facet joints, the structure is rigid than the intervertebral disc.Their damage in 15-65% of cases cause back pain.Up to 30% of lumbar pain is due to the injury of the sacral and illegal paired structure that connects the sacred and the pelvis bones.Finally, any irritation increases the tone of the surrounding muscles, which over time causes a separate myofascial syndrome.
As a rule, physical activity leads to back pain, especially in cases where it is expressed or intense, or when it is produced in an unnatural pose, or when it is associated with a long stay in a forced position, for example, behind a car steering wheel or a work area.A person's body weight and physical training are of great importance, since the severity of the load is always relative.
What are the reasons for your development?
It is impossible to unequivocally call the causes of the development of osteochondrosis, but several factors that contribute to the occurrence of this disease can be indicated: weak physical development, a violation of metabolism in the body, genetic predisposition, inadequate posture, prolonged stays in a pose (eg, before the monitor. As a rule, these reasons are combined with irrational nutrition.
What to do if there is back pain?
The most important rule is not to self -service!
Initially, it is necessary to reach an appointment with a neurologist or neurosurgeon.To establish a precise diagnosis, a comprehensive patient examination is necessary, necessarily including spine radiography and tomography (magnetic resonance imaging or calculated. The purpose of this or that the study should be performed only by the assistant doctor based on a specific clinical picture.
Drug care of spine osteochondrosis include not only the removal of pain syndrome, but also, if possible, the elimination of root causes.The doctor prescribes complex therapy (drug therapy, physiotherapy, acupuncture, balneotherapy)
Complex therapeutic care for osteochondrosis include power and lifestyle correction (healthy and active lifestyle, the ideal volume of physical education), in some cases - chondroprotective medications that improve the condition of cartilage tissue.
The main indication of surgical treatment for degenerative-degenerative spinal disease is the inefficiency of conservative drug therapy for 4-6 weeks, unconscious of pain, as well as increasing weakness in the legs, which in several cases can be accompanied by urinary incontinence.Premature and inappropriate treatment in such situations can lead to various undesirable consequences and complications to deficiency.
Back pain are recognized as the most common.Experts explain this to the characteristics of human anatomy.The fact is that the spine is subject to cargo throughout a person's life: from the moment he rises in childhood to his death.The spine of the spine wears out and sooner or later problems arise in almost everyone.The most common diagnoses that are made with back pain: “osteochondrosis” and “radiculitis”, while patients often put them and prescribe treatment without seeking advice to doctors.However, even for these diagnoses, which, it seems, everyone is listening to, there are often reasons that only one experienced expert can determine.
What hurts there?
In the vast majority (about 95%), pain is associated with muscles, ligaments and joints.People are called to pull their backs.These pains are unpleasant but not -ilgal and, in most cases, they are their own 2-3 days.
3-4% of pain are associated with radiculopathy (radiculitis) - damage to the spinal root.It is usually damaged by a hernia.The pain disappears when the edema that arose due to compression passes.
1-2% of back pain is caused by lesions or inflammatory diseases of the spine, cancer processes, cardiovascular or gastrointestinal tract diseases, in which pain syndrome can enter the back.This is the most dangerous type of back pain.To exclude these pathologies, consult a doctor.
You cannot delay
The main indicator that you need medical care is the regularity of pain.If you are distorted from time to time, there is probably nothing wrong.If the pain of low or medium intensity haunts tirelessly, you will not be able to hesitate.It is urgent to consult a doctor if the pain is accompanied by an increase or temperature pain grows against a treatment fund.
Pain types
Doctors distinguish 3 types of pain, which most often sit on the back.The doctor's task is to accurately determine what kind of pain the patient is concerned about the patient who contacted him, because each of them will be treated exclusively in his own way.
Nociceptive painOr, more simply, receptors pain - on the skin, muscles, ligaments, joints - is considered the most common.The reasons that cause X -rays or using computed tomography are usually not visible.In this case, the expert makes the diagnosis based on the symptoms on which the patient speaks.The causes of muscle spasm can be, for example, physical activity, when a person has raised something heavy, tilted markedly or a temperature difference (an example air conditioner).This type of pain is treated with two types of medicines.
Acute pains are treated with analgesics of anti -inflammatory drugs and drugs relaxing muscles.In this case, there can be no other therapy.When pain syndrome is removed, we recommend that the patient strengthen muscles with physical education.This is the treatment and prevention of the disease for the future.
Exercise not only help to strengthen muscles, but also contribute to the production of endorphins, as well as serotonin and noradrenaline in the body.These substances increase a person's pain threshold and remove depressive mood.
Neuropathic painOr nerve pain, people are better known as radiculitis.This type of pain in humans occurs, in particular, when the vertebral hernia becomes large and holds nerve endings.At the same time, experts warn patients and the entire professional community against improper diagnosis in cases where X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging find that hernia or any other type of spine wear is available, but it is not so significant to affect the nerve.It is necessary to carefully understand the true cause of pain.It is possible that a muscle spasm is to blame, and this type of pain is completely different, and the treatment will also differ for it.What is considered osteochondrosis not only not manifested by pain but also by the norm.
Osteochondrosis is a sign of body aging.But "osteochondrosis" and "pain" are not the same.Since there are virtually no nerve endings in bone tissue, protrusion (the early stage of the intervertebral disc hernia. - Auth.) Or a hernia cannot hurt.Even studies were conducted: Magnetic Resonance imaging groups were performed - they chose, especially those who had never approached a doctor with complaints about back pain, but found hernia and osteochondrosis.
In addition, the doctor makes examples when patients received treatment - and occurred, despite the fact that osteochondrosis remains in the image.Today, osteochondrosis is a concept used locally.
There are countries where the word "osteochondrosis" is not used.Last year, they officially said that this diagnosis was made by past generation neurologists.Abroad, when the patient arrives at the reception and says that his back hurts, he is diagnosed with nonspecific pain in the back, but it is understood that a person has made a load to the muscles.
Confirmation that pain is precisely caused by radiculitis, not spasm, for experts, the symptom in the form of back pain that gives the nerve in the leg, is usually to specialists.
The cause of nerve pain can also be complications caused by diabetes and herpes.In diabetes mellitus, patients usually complain of pain as this disease damages the nervous system.Post -colletary neuralgia is characterized by strips of rash along the damaged nerve and therefore pain.There are special medications for the treatment of nerve pain.
For the treatment of neuropathic pain, anti -peleatic and antidepressant anti -pepiles are used.The names of the drugs of this patient's orientation, I must say, usually scares, so it is important that they explain that they are antidepressants that increase the pain threshold.These are pain treatment patterns.
Psychogenic painor chronic.This type of pain is not caused by physical changes in the human body, their mental state changes.Symptoms torment the patient in this case for a long time.At the same time, it hurts, as a rule, not just the back.
It turns out that people come and say everything, my head, constantly constantly.Do you ask: Something heavy raised?No!And there is no clear location.In this case, we can conclude that the patient has reduced the pain threshold and a pain analyzer, which is in the brain, constantly makes sense.It can cause pain in such a patient: overwork, stress, a feeling of fear.
Anesthetic drugs in this case will not help.Experts usually prescribe antidepressants, physical education for patients with chronic pain, but sometimes it is sufficient to find a reason using a psychologist or psychiatrist.
A young woman who complained of back pain: six months, he says, was tormented.I recommended that she went to a psychologist and physical education.A few days later, she came back completely healthy without taking medicine.The psychologist helped her understand that the cause of stress pain: she had family problems, physical education helped relax.
At homeThe most effective medicine is anti -inflammatory oral medicines.Just don't overdo it - they are safe for the first time.With prolonged use, these medications can cause ulcers and bleeding in the gastric mucosa.Traditional domestic treatment - non -esteroid ointments - can only be used as an additional measure.They are harmless but ineffective.The carsset also offers relief - the fixation unloads the spine, relieves spasms and limits clear movements.Only the corset should be common - elastic without warming.
If the treatment has no effect for three days, you should consult a doctor who will block with anti -inflammatory injections.Due to the removal of spasms and relaxation of the muscles, the pain comes out immediately and often forever.
Prohibited!
Bath and massage under strict prohibition.They improve edema and pain.
Contact Manual Therapists in the newspaper.Manual therapy is the area in which each expert represents three hundred charlatans.If you really want to find a good doctor, please contact certified clinics, where postgraduate specialists work.
It is important to immediately determine the tactics of treatment.This should be done by a neurologist or neurosurgeon.It is dangerous to treat your back.30% of patients from the neurosurgical department have attempted home treatment methods and this led to a hospital bed.
When pills do not help
If the drug treatment prescribes a therapist or a neuropathologist does not give results within 3 to 6 months and the pain will continue to torment the patient, the doctor is required to transmit the patient to another specialist.In some situations, physical therapy can provide significant assistance.It is suitable for the first two types of pain: in receptors and nerves.Physiotherapy is prescribed for patients who have drug allergies or stomach problems.
For this reason, treatment passes, but there is no effect, patients usually reach us serious, depression, so we approach multidisciplinary treatment, with the involvement of various experts: neuropathologists, psychologists, physiotherapists, neurosurgeons.
Among the methods that domestic physiotherapists are used, borrowed from Russian colleaguesIntrachnical electrical stimulation.Its principle is that, through a disposable special needle electrode, ignoring the skin barrier, to provide current, directly on the focus of pain.Diagnoses in which this procedure is prescribed, including protrusion and hernia.The procedure, experts, according to experts, is comfortable and does not require pain relief.The effect, as a rule, is felt after the first procedure.In total, they are attributed from 3 to 6.
In addition, it is usedLaser therapy.This technique is also convenient as it can be prescribed for patients with various stimulants, including cardio- and is not concerned that the failure occurs.Laser is used not only for the treatment of diseases associated with the problems of the spine, but also as the treatment of Herpes diabetes and sugar complications, which have already been discussed.
The laser promotes a good cure.In addition, the device improves microcirculation in the spine itself and, because of this, the power of the discs improves.As a result, edema and inflammation are removed and the pain respectively disappears.
Blockade
Such a thing as "block" in medicine is not new.With serious pain, since Soviet times, patients have received injections in the area where the focus of pain is localized directly.Since then, little has changed in the clinics of the police station.Meanwhile, according to international recommendations, these procedures should be performed exclusively under control, using special equipment that allows you to monitor the process in real time.The consequences of an unsuccessful injection can be very different: at best, the medicine, not introduced, when necessary, will not give the necessary effect on the worst - this is full of serious complications.
The introduction of the drug should be performed under radiological control: fluoroscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, because the drug is purposely administered in the zone where the source is of pain.If the doctor has the wrong way, this is full of the patient's respiratory stop and total spine anesthesia.
The essence of the block is that the drug introduced from several months to six months prevents the propagation of the impulse through the nerve, which is wrapped in the nervous pulse.Although this procedure does not guarantee a constant effect, it significantly improves the patient's quality of life: one person temporarily forgets about pain, can sleep calmly or follow his business.
Operation - Pain elimination
When medications do not help - neither pills nor injections, when physiocracy is ineffective, neurosurgeons come to help.Modern technologies allow these experts to return to life without pain from patients who suffer from it for not a year in a row.There are many methods: from manipulation with the most minimal intervention in the body to complex surgical operations with vertebral prostheses.
With hernias that pinch the nerve, the so -called one of the most common and effective methods is recognizedRadio frequency ablation.In fact, this is a type of lock, only instead of a remedy that relieves pain for a while, is used an electric current that can completely solve the problem.Often, ablation is done after blocking, thanks to which doctors receive a clear understanding of which nerve is necessary to influence.The procedure is provided both in paid and quota.
The procedure is performed in 20 minutes.It is called operation, but it is actually a surgical manipulation made under local anesthesia, necessarily under the control of special devices.First, pain syndrome is reproduced, and if the patient confirms that this is exactly the pain he usually experiences, we give a pulse discharge - and the pain, as it were, is disconnected.
In special cases, methods are usedneurostimulationAmong them is the implement of the electrode.The patient is performed: the surgeon puts a small device in the focus of pain, which will suppress the impulses of pain in real time.Patients receive this procedure by quota.
There are times when they have already done various types of surgical interventions, but pain syndrome was preserved to one degree or another, then we put a stimulant - first in test mode and, if the desired effect is achieved, then we put it forever.This is an operation performed with a small cut.The only thing is that the patient will need to come periodically for test control.
What we run
The risk of the operation, due to which it is postponed or refused, many patients consider it very exaggerated.In neurosurgery, there are technologies that make it possible to accurately calculate the effectiveness of the operation and what symptoms will disappear after it and which will remain.
The probability of pain renewal after surgery does not exceed 1 to 1.5%.Herbs elsewhere may actually appear, but this is not a complication, but the dissemination of the disease, which is often found in young patients indiscipline.As soon as the pain comes out, they return to the usual lifestyle: they drive behind the wheel, resume training.And this is categorically impossible to do.
Is osteochondrosis to blame for everything?
Osteochondrosis is a chronic degenerative-degenerative alteration in the intervertebral space.All people over 25 have signs of osteochondrosis.It is impossible to avoid osteochondrosis, but you can protect yourself from your complications that cause back pain.
Why yes, and not otherwise?
I need to spend time, effort and money on treatment: pills, injections, physical therapy, if you can do a small operation and get rid of the pain once and for all?- Patients have asked this question more and more often.The answer is usually unambiguous: yes, you need it!The fact is that, with precise diagnosis and proper treatment, the units reach operations.The rest gets rid of pain in the early stages of assistance - on average, 30% of patients at each stage are produced.
An error when people, having seen a protrusion or hernia in the photo, ran immediately to the surgeon, ignoring the experts in the previous stages of assistance.In cases where changes are insignificant, the operation is not necessary.Also, with the right lifestyle - involved in physiotherapy exercises, swimming, monitoring your body weight - a person with so -tipped osteochondrosis can feel healthy and not feel pain.
It is important that at each stage the patient has a precise diagnosis and the correct treatment is prescribed.This can only be achieved high school.It is also proposed, in the example of foreign experience, to introduce a new specialization, as an algologist, is a type of pain that specializes in pain, a doctor who has the knowledge of an anesthetist neurologist and interventionist, capable of treating, without surgery, but if surgical intervention will not have inevitable patience.